12-gauge or thicker for a 50-foot run.

Use 12-gauge. That’s the minimum for a 15-amp table saw at that distance. 14-gauge is too thin—voltage drop will make the saw run weak and could damage the motor over time.

Table saws pull a lot of current on startup, even if they’re rated 15 amps. With 50 feet of cord, you get enough resistance that a 14-gauge wire might drop voltage below what the motor needs. That means slower starts, overheating, and a shorter saw life. 12-gauge handles it safely. If you want extra margin, 10-gauge is overkill but fine.

Don’t trust “15-amp rated” on a cheap 14-gauge cord. That rating assumes a short run. For 50 feet, always step up.

Cheap cord now means expensive saw repair later.