Don't swim with a pool cover partially on.
No. It’s one of those things that seems like it might be fine, but it’s genuinely dangerous.
The big risk is getting trapped under the cover. If you slide off the edge or dive in, the cover can wrap around you, and it’s almost impossible to fight your way out from underneath. Even a lightweight cover can hold you down. Adults have drowned this way. Kids? Even faster.
Also, the cover might be anchored or have straps that are a tripping hazard, and you could hit your head on the hardware. It’s just not worth the convenience.
Wait until the cover is fully removed before swimming. Or don’t swim. This is not a corner to cut.